Les risques d'approvisionnement

Les Etats-Unis face à leur dépendance pétrolière - Noël P. - Grenoble : IEPE ; Paris : IFRI, juin 2002 (.pdf) Reliable, Affordable, and Environmentally Sound Energy for America's Future - Report of the National Energy Policy Development Group – US Department of Energy 05/2001   Voir notamment : Enhancing National Energy Security and International Relationships Persian Gulf Security: Improving Allied Military Contributions - Richard Sokolsky, Stuart Johnson, and F. Stephen Larrabee, Rand 2001   Voir notamment : Threats to Western Energy Supplies: Scenarios and Implications - Richard Sokolsky and Ian Lesser

Le lobbying de l’African Oil Policy Initiative Group

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American Jewish Congress

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AJCongress Looks Abroad for Energy Security - Administration Urged to Explore New and Diverse Energy Sources – The Capital View 07/2002

Les convergences de la politique américaine 

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Bureau of African Affairs – US Department of State
US Department of Energy

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Africa Facing "Dire Times" But Has Tremendous Potential – Washington File 19/11/2002 Fueling Corruption - Op-Ed from the Washington Times by Representative Ed Royce, Chairman of the Subcommittee on Africa, U.S. House of Representatives – 09/12/2002 Private Sector Will Develop Africa's Oil and Gas Sector (But U.S. government can help, Asst. Secretary Kansteiner says) – Washington File 25/11/2002 U.S. Oil Executive Optimistic About Finds in West Africa (Sees Equatorial Guinea as Kuwait of West Africa) – Washington File 19/11/2002 Africa: The new oil and military frontier - by Dena Montague, Arms Trade Resource Center, World Policy Institute 20/09/2002 The Militarization of West Africa - Stratfor /GlobalPolicy.org 02/08/2002 Hearings on "Oil Diplomacy" - Testimony of Dr. Daniel Yergin, Chairman Cambridge Energy Research Associates - House Committee on International Relations June 20, 2002 African Oil Policy Initiative Group - Statement of Chairman Ed Royce, Subcommittee on Africa, U.S. House of Representatives – 12/06/2002 African Oil: A Priority for U. S. National Security And African Development - Proceedings of an Institute Symposium Held on January 25, 2002 at The University Club in Washington, D. C. - The Institute for Advanced Strategic and Political Studies Research Papers in Strategy 05/2002 Chad-Cameroon Pipeline: A New Model for Natural Resource Development - Statement of Chairman Ed Royce, Subcommittee on Africa, U.S. House of Representatives – 18/04/2002 Strengthening National Security Through Energy Security - by Charli Coon, J.D. , The Heritage Foundation 09/04/2002 African Oil – News behind the news - Institute for Advanced Strategic and Political Studies 17/02/2002 Pétrole, l’année des paradoxes : guerre, récession et les affaires comme d’habitude - Michel Chatelus 2002 - Paru dans Cyclope 2002 : les marchés mondiaux, Economica, 2002 – IEPE Grenoble Policy Group Recommends Stronger Global Energy Alliances – Washington File 17/05/2001 Report of the National Energy Policy Group – White House 17/05/2001 American Policy and Africa – News behind the news - Institute for Advanced Strategic and Political Studies 10/04/2001 Perceptions and realities in US-Africa policy - By Barry M. Schutz & Paul Michael Wihbey - Institute for Advanced Strategic and Political Studies 06/04/2001 Sub-Saharan Africa Economic Prospects – in « Global Trends 2015: A Dialogue About the Future With Nongovernment Experts » - US National Intelligence Council 12/2000 Africa's Energy Potential. Hearing, US House Committee on International Relations. Subcommittee on Africa – US House of Representatives March 16, 2000 U.S. Official Sees Expanded African Energy Sector Built on Reforms (Says exports to U.S. could increase, Nigeria's especially) – Washington File 17/03/2000 Africa "Key Source" for Energy Supply and Development – Washington File 17/03/2000 Indépendance énergétique versus marché mondial - Noel Pierre – IEPE grenoble, 1999 Geopolitics of Energy into the 21st Century - Bill Richardson, U.S. Secretary of Energy – Center for Strategic and International Studies 12/1999 The Geopolitics of Energy in Africa - Strategic Energy Initiative, Center for Strategic and International Studies 02/1999 The Changing Geopolitics of Energy – Center for Strategic and International Studies 1999

    Dans la presse

The new Gulf oil states - by Jean-Chtistophe Servant, Le Monde Diplomatique 01/2003 Black Gold - The U.S. is becoming less reliant on Middle Eastern oil, thanks to West Africa – by Simon Robinson, Time 23/12/2002 Nigerian Poll Means a Lot to Africa – Kornegay, AllAfrica 18/12/2002 Fueling War - By David R. Francis, Christian Sciance Monitor /GlobalPolicy.org 09/12/2002 West Africa may overtake Saudi Arabia in oil production – Vanguard/Alexander's Gas & Oil Connections 23/11/2002 Oil firms flow to West Africa – American City Business Journals/Alexander's Gas & Oil Connections 22/11/2002 Africa may provide 15 %-20 % of US oil imports – Dow Jones/Alexander's Gas & Oil Connections 19/11/2002 Afrique - Le pétrole, enjeu international et désormais régional – Marie Joannidis, RFI 07/11/2002 US does enhanced evaluation of strategic status of Africa - People’s Daily Online/Alexander's Gas & Oil Connections 06/11/2002 Une guerre qui sent le pétrole – Alternatives Economiques 2002 US does enhanced evaluation of strategic status of Africa - People’s Daily Online/Alexander's Gas & Oil Connections 06/11/2002 From the barrel of oil - Society for Environmental Communications 31/10/2002 Black Gold – Economist/GlobalPolicy.org 24/10/2002 Uncle Sam's Crude Solution: Our Expensive, Deadly Role as Global Oil Police - By James Ridgeway, Village Voice 23/10/2002 L'autre Golfe qui intéresse les Américains - Courrier International 02/10/2002 US moves to secure African oil supplies – Vanguard/Alexander's Gas & Oil Connections 30/09/2002 America has its sight on West Africa’s Gulf of Guinea - The Canadian Press/Alexander's Gas & Oil Connections 21/09/2002 Africa is rising in strategic importance to Washington policy makers - The New York Times/Alexander's Gas & Oil Connections 18/09/2002 US moves to protect interest in African oil - The East African/Alexander's Gas & Oil Connections 16/09/2002 Threat of Middle East war spurs grab for West African oil - By Trevor Johnson, Wsws 20/08/2002 Superpower in search of alternatives to OPEC - By M. Kornegay, Business Day/All Africa/Alexander's Gas & Oil Connections 13/08/2002 Pillage pétrolier en Afrique – Solidarité & Progrès 09/08/2002 African Oil: A priority for U.S. National Security and African Development – Your Dot Com for Africa 13/06/2002 With Mideast uncertainty, US turns to Africa for oil - By Mike Crawley - Special to The Christian Science Monitor 23/05/2002 West Africa is presently the world's most exciting offshore region - Douglas-Westwood/Alexander's Gas & Oil Connections 11/10/2001

    Angola, Angola

     Voir

MBendi Information Service - Angola's oil and gas industry
Angola – World Oil Magazine
Angola Country Analysis Brief – US Department of Energy
Angola – US Department of State
Angola - U.S. Agency for International Development
Angola – GlobalPolicy.org
Opération Angola

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All the Presidents Men - The devastating story of oil and banking in Angola's privatised war - Global Witness Report, 25th March 2002 US Changing Course? - By John Kaniu, African Perspective/GlobalPolicy.org 10/03/2001

    Bénin, Benin

     Voir

MBendi Country Profile: Benin Oil And Gas Industry
Benin – US Department of State


    Cameroun & Tchad, Cameroon & Chad

     Voir

MBendi Country Profile: Cameroon
MBendi Country Profile: Chad
Cameroon – World Oil Magazine
Chad – World Oil Magazine
Exxon Mobil: Chad/Cameroon Development Project
Cameroon Country Analysis Brief – US Department of Energy
Chad Country Analysis Brief – US Department of Energy
Cameroon – US Department of State
Chad – US Department of State

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Pipeline Rage Fails to Deter World Bank - By Alan Beattie and Michael Peel, Financial Times/GlobalPolicy.org 13/09/2002 Chad-Cameroon Pipeline: A New Model for Natural Resource Development - Statement of Chairman Ed Royce, Subcommittee on Africa, U.S. House of Representatives – 18/04/2002

    Côte d'Ivoire, Ivory Coast

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Mbendi Information Service - Cote d'Ivoire's oil and gas industry
Cote d’Ivoire Country Analysis Brief – US Department of Energy
Cote d’Ivoire – US Department of State

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Le pétrole à la source de la crise ivoirienne selon "Le Figaro" – Africaonline 04/10/2002 Tout sur les puits pétroliers ivoiriens aux Etats-Unis: L'ancien DG de la PETROCI rompt le silence - L'Inter/Africatime 02/04/2002 Ivory Coast to benefit from oil flows - Energy24/Alexander's Gas & Oil Connections 11/02/2002 Ivory Coast on its way back - Alexander's Gas & Oil Connections 30/06/1998

    Gabon, Gabon

     Voir

Mbendi Africa Information - Gabon
Gabon – World Oil Magazine
Gabon Country Analysis Brief – US Department of Energy
Gabon – US Department of State

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US does enhanced evaluation of strategic status of Africa - People’s Daily Online/Alexander's Gas & Oil Connections 06/11/2002

    Ghana, Ghana

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MBendi Country Profile: Ghana Oil And Gas Industry
Ghana – US Department of State

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Ghana turns to gas as prime source of power – African Business/Alexander's Gas & Oil Connections 11/05/2002

    Guinée Equatoriale, Equatorial Guinea

     Voir

MBendi Information Service: Equatorial Guinea's oil and gas sector
Equatorial Guinea – World Oil Magazine
Equatorial Guinea Country Analysis Brief – US Department of Energy
Equatorial Guinea – US Department of State

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Oil makes Equatorial Guinea to Africa's rising star - Sunday Times/Alexander's Gas & Oil Connections 17/11/2002 Equatorial Guinea is Africa's economic star – BBC/Alexander's Gas & Oil Connections 13/11/2002

    Nigéria, Nigeria

     Voir

Nigeria Oil and Gas Online
Nigeria – World Oil Magazine
MBendi Country Profile: Nigeria
Nigeria Country Analysis Brief – US Department of Energy
Nigeria – US Department of State
Nigeria - U.S. Agency for International Development
Nigeria – GlobalPolicy.org

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Nigeria to stay in Opec – BBC News 01/08/2002 US puts pressure on West Africa to increase oil production – Times/Alexander's Gas & Oil Connections 29/07/2002 US to double imports from Nigeria to replace Saudi oil – MENL/Alexander's Gas & Oil Connections 17/07/2002 US looks to see Nigeria displace Middle East as oil supplier - This Day/Alexander's Gas & Oil Connections 07/07/2002 Nigeria's Economy Dominated by Oil - By Briony Hale, BBC News/GlobalPolicy.org 16/01/2002 Guerre de l'information et stratégie d'influence au Nigeria – Infoguerre 07/09/2000

    République du Congo, Republic of Congo

     Voir

MBendi Country Profile on Congo
Congo – World Oil Magazine
Congo Brazzaville Country Analysis Brief – US Department of Energy
Republic of Congo – US Department of State

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Petroleum industry in Congo-Brazzaville needs transparancy - By Lyne Mikangou, IPS/Afrol 06/06/2001 US Changing Course? - By John Kaniu, African Perspective/GlobalPolicy.org 10/03/2001

    Sao Tome & Principe, Sao Tome & Principe

     Voir

MBendi Country Profile: Sao Tome and Principe
Sao Tome and Principe – US Department of State

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Nigerian Poll Means a Lot to Africa – Kornegay, AllAfrica 18/12/2002 The Lure of African Oil – Baltimore Sun/Globalpolicy.org 09/12/2002 Sao Tome and Principe pins hopes on US need for oil – BBC/Alexander's Gas & Oil Connections 14/10/2002 Africa: The new oil and military frontier - by Dena Montague, Arms Trade Resource Center, World Policy Institute 20/09/2002

    Togo, Togo

     Voir

MBendi Country Profile: Togo Oil And Gas Industry
Togo – US Department of State